What is Advanced Maternal Age?

In recent years, the trend of delaying motherhood has become more prevalent. As more women choose to have children later in life, the term “Advanced Maternal Age” (AMA) has gained significance. This blog aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of what AMA means, the implications it has for pregnancy, and what expecting mothers should know.

What is Advanced Maternal Age?

Advanced Maternal Age is based solely on the age of the individual. It does not depend upon the health or fitness of a woman. Advanced Maternal Age is a medical term used to describe women who are pregnant or planning to conceive at the age of 35 or older. This age threshold is significant because it marks a point where certain risks associated with pregnancy begin to increase. While many women in this age group have healthy pregnancies and babies, it is essential to be aware of the potential challenges and how to manage them.

Why is 35 Considered Advanced Maternal Age?

The age of 35 is significant because research based on statistical data and medical observations has shown that fertility rates begin to decline more rapidly around this age. This decrease can lead to difficulties in conceiving and higher risks of pregnancy complications. Additionally, the risk of chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome, increases. According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), the likelihood of chromosomal anomalies and other complications rises more sharply after 35.

Risks Associated with Advanced Maternal Age

Fertility Issues: As women age, their ovarian reserve diminishes, making it harder to conceive. Advanced maternal age can lead to longer times to get pregnant and increased chances of infertility.
Chromosomal Abnormalities: The risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the baby, such as Down syndrome, rises with maternal age. At 35, the risk is about 1 in 350, which increases to 1 in 100 by age 40.
Pregnancy Complications: Older mothers are more likely to experience complications such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and high blood pressure. There is also a higher likelihood of preterm birth and low birth weight. They are also more likely to have a caesarean delivery compared to younger women.
Miscarriage: The risk of miscarriage increases with age. This is partly due to the higher prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities, which are a common cause of miscarriage. For women aged 35, the risk is about 20%, which increases to 35% by age 40 and 50% by age 45.

Benefits of Later Motherhood

Despite the risks, there are also several benefits to having children later in life. Many women in their 30s and 40s are more financially stable, have more established careers, and may feel more emotionally prepared for the responsibilities of parenthood.

Tips for a Healthy Pregnancy at Advanced Maternal Age

Preconception Planning

Consult a Healthcare Provider: Before trying to conceive, it’s important to discuss your health and any potential risks with a healthcare provider. They can provide guidance and conduct necessary tests to ensure you’re in optimal health for pregnancy.
Healthy Lifestyle: Adopting a healthy lifestyle can improve your chances of a healthy pregnancy. This includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
Prenatal Vitamins: Start taking prenatal vitamins with folic acid to reduce the risk of neural tube defects.
Consider Genetic Counselling: Genetic counselling can provide valuable information about the risks of chromosomal abnormalities and other genetic conditions. It can help in making informed decisions about screening and testing options.

During Pregnancy

Regular Prenatal Care: Regular check-ups with your obstetrician are crucial to monitor the health of both mother and baby. These visits allow for early detection and management of potential complications.
Screening Tests: Genetic screening and diagnostic tests, such as non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and amniocentesis, can help detect chromosomal abnormalities.
Manage Chronic Conditions: If you have existing health conditions such as diabetes or hypertension, careful management is essential to reduce risks during pregnancy.

Emotional and Psychological Support

Support Groups: Joining support groups for older expectant mothers can provide emotional support and practical advice.
Mental Health: Pregnancy can be a stressful time, especially with the added concerns of advanced maternal age. Seeking support from a mental health professional can be beneficial.

Conclusion

Advanced Maternal Age is a common and increasingly relevant topic as more women choose to have children later in life. While there are certain risks associated with pregnancy at age 35 and older, understanding these risks and taking proactive steps can lead to a healthy pregnancy and baby. While these risks are real, many women in this age group have healthy pregnancies and babies. With proper medical care and a healthy lifestyle, pregnancy can be just as rewarding and successful for women of advanced maternal age.

What is Advanced Maternal Age?